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Iceland | to 874 - present | 92 events
All eras
Pre-Settlement
Settlement Age
Icelandic Commonwealth
Norwegian Rule
Kalmar Union
Danish Rule and Trade Monopoly
Path to Independence
Kingdom of Iceland
Cold War Republic
Modern Republic
All categories
Cultural
Economic
Foreign Relations
Military
Political
Religious
Scientific
Social
Key events
Timeline of 92 events across 10 eras. Use the left and right
arrow keys to move between events, Home and End to jump to the first or last, and Enter to
select. Every event is also listed in full below.
Pre-Settlement
Settlement
Commonwealth
Norwegian
Kalmar
Danish Rule
Independence
Kingdom
Cold War
Modern
Key event
c. 325 BCE
Pytheas writes of Thule
3rd century
Roman coins reach Iceland
c. 800
Longhouse at Stöðvarfjörður
c. 770-880
Irish papar in Iceland
c. 860
Naddodd discovers Snaeland
c. 862
Gardar Svavarsson circumnavigates
★ c. 865
Hrafna-Floki first deliberate voyage
★ 874
Ingolfur Arnarson settles Reykjavik
c. 875
Norse mass migration begins
930
All arable land claimed
★ 930
Althing established at Thingvellir
★ c. 961
Eldgja eruption
c. 985
Erik the Red settles Greenland
★ 1000
Iceland converts to Christianity
c. 1001
Leif Erikson reaches Vinland
1056
First Icelandic bishop consecrated
c. 1120
Islendingabok written
12th century
Sagas of Icelanders written
c. 1200
Age of the Sturlungs begins
1220
Snorri Sturluson swears to Haakon IV
★ 1262
Old Covenant signed
1281
Jonsbok law code adopted
1297
Stadamal disputes settled
c. 1300
Little Ice Age begins to bite
14th century
Vistarband peasant binding emerges
14th century
Stockfish trade rises
1380
Norwegian royal line ends
★ 1397
Kalmar Union formed
★ early 15th century
English Age begins
mid-15th century
Greenland Norse colony dies out
16th century
German Age in trade
★ 1523
Kalmar Union dissolves
1541
Bishop Ogmundur deported
★ 1550
Last Catholic bishop beheaded
★ 1602
Danish trade monopoly imposed
★ 1627
Turkish Abductions
mid-17th century
Dutch and French traders rise
1660
Absolute monarchy in Denmark-Norway
★ 1783
Laki eruption
★ 1783-1784
Moduhardindin - the Mist Hardships
1786
Trade monopoly relaxed
1800
Althing abolished
1809
Jorgensen's brief reign
★ 1814
Treaty of Kiel
1830s
Fjolnismenn lead national revival
1844
Althing restored
★ 1874
Constitution and home rule granted
1870s-1900s
Mass emigration to Manitoba
★ 1904
Hannes Hafstein - first Minister for Iceland
1914-1918
World War I isolates Iceland
★ 1 December 1918
Act of Union - Kingdom of Iceland
1929
Great Depression hits exports
July 1936
Spanish Civil War halves saltfish exports
March 1939
All-party government formed
9 April 1940
Germany occupies Denmark
10 April 1940
Iceland takes own foreign affairs
★ 10 May 1940
British invade in Operation Fork
★ July 1941
US takes over occupation
31 December 1943
Act of Union expires
★ 20-23 May 1944
Independence plebiscite
★ 17 June 1944
Republic of Iceland declared
post-WWII
Wartime boom transforms economy
October 1946
US ends formal defence role
1947-1948
Marshall Aid - highest per capita
★ 30 March 1949
Iceland founds NATO
★ 5 May 1951
US-Iceland Defence Agreement
1952-1956
Proto Cod War
1958-1961
First Cod War
1972-1973
Second Cod War
★ 1975-1976
Third Cod War
★ 1 August 1980
Vigdis Finnbogadottir elected president
October 1986
Reagan-Gorbachev Reykjavik Summit
★ 1991
David Oddsson begins market reforms
★ 1994
Iceland joins the EEA
1995
Independence-Progressive coalition
2003
Iraq War - Coalition of the Willing
2004
Oddsson steps down after 13 years
★ September 2006
US closes Keflavik Air Base
★ October 2008
Banking system collapses
January 2009
Pots and Pans Revolution
★ 1 February 2009
Sigurdardottir - first openly gay PM
2009-2011
Icesave dispute
2009
Net emigration of 5,000
★ April 2010
Eyjafjallajokull grounds European flights
2012
Economy returns to growth
April 2013
Centre-right returns under Gunnlaugsson
1 August 2016
Gudni Th. Johannesson elected president
30 November 2017
Jakobsdottir leads Left-Green coalition
2021
Tri-party coalition continues
April 2024
Benediktsson succeeds Jakobsdottir
June 2024
Halla Tomasdottir wins presidency
November 2024
Frostadottir - Social Democrat PM
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